Abstract
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The transition to an innovative economy (restructuring and diversification of economic sectors) leads to a change in the current structure of employment, accompanied by a reduction of inefficient jobs, redistribution of workers between sectors, expansion of service industries, the development of innovative activities and the emergence of new areas of employment.
In today's world, mobility of skilled workers is the source of human capital accumulation. This ensures economic growth of the countries hosting workforce. The competition to attract workers goes to the international level. The main objective is to create conditions for the involvement of not only employees from different fields, who are demanded on labour market, but also entrepreneurs and investors, especially in the long term.
Net immigration today compensates for more than half of the natural decline in population.
Many countries have implemented programs for resettlement of compatriots. In 2006, the state program to assist the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad was adopted in Russia.
Its purpose is to promote and organize the voluntary resettlement of compatriots by increasing the attractiveness of Russian regions, as well as the compensation for the natural loss of population in the country as a whole and in its individual regions, by attracting immigrants for permanent residence in the Russian Federation.
A list of Russian regions, which will be prioritized in the resettlement of compatriots for permanent residence, has been approved since 2013. In these regions, the relocated compatriots will have the highest level of state support.
Having analyzed the number of settlers in these regions, we can say that there is no upsurge in the number of participants of this program in these administrative units.
Many researchers emphasize the need for economic approaches to regional development, aimed at the attraction of the workforce there.
First of all, a number of measures are to be taken in these regions, such as infrastructure should be developed, public facilities should be more available, and the average salary increased.
The key point in the regulation of migration processes is to analyze the development of each region and to define problems, taking into consideration specific features of the region. Preliminary assessment of the attractiveness of the territory for resettlement will allow establishing a mechanism of workforce attraction. This mechanism must be presented in a comprehensive program of the development of each administrative unit.
Regional and municipal authorities should play a significant role in the development of regions, by being involved in the production modernization, equipment upgrade and technological advancement in their territories, which will help create new job places, increase employment, security, and income growth, and generally increase the attractiveness of the regions.
The results are important because they can be used to help create effective methods of state regulation of migration processes at the regional level, as well as devise programs to support the regions in building territorial infrastructure. The proposed model of regional assessment can help to improve the selection of the regions to provide targeted assistance.
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