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RUSSIA |
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RUSSIA |
INSTITUTIONAL SETTING
Training state employees is presently part of a multilevel educational system. In 1994, a new stage of reorganising state service educational institutions began. In connection with the abolition of organisations such as Roskadry, state service educational institutions were transferred to the Russian Academy of Management, which became the Russian Academy of Public Administration in 1994. The academy has become the educational, methodical, scientific and information centre on the problems of civil service in Russia, and it trains civil servants and, in doing so, contributes to improving the system.
By 1995, norms determining categories of individuals to be trained at the Russian Academy of State Service of the President of the Russian Federation were adopted. For the specialisation in "State and Municipal Management," the Russian Federation State Committee of Higher Educational Institutions established rigorous standards for experts seeking the qualification of “State and Municipal Employee.”
From 1991 to 1995, seventy higher educational institutions, including fifty-eight governmental ones, received licenses to offer State and Municipal Management programmes. In addition to basic education, the retraining and improvement of professional skills in the civil service corps is carried out through in-service training.
Experience has shown that a network of educational institutions engaged in preparing State and Municipal Management programmes has developed as a result of the initiative of the educational institutions of territorial bodies of state and municipal management. Five hundred and forty-eight governmental and more than two hundred non-governmental educational institutions are currently involved in educating and retraining state and municipal employees. Within the civil service training programmes, twenty new structures at the various educational centres were created.
At the top of this pyramid is the National Economics Academy of the Russian Government and the Russian Academy of Public Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. The PA academy operates fourteen regional educational institutions, including eight regional civil service academies, and three institutes for professional development with more than twenty faculties. This professional training system enrolls more than forty thousand individuals. Briefly, state and municipal educational establishments can be categorised as follows:
- federal educational institutions of the Russian Academy of Public Administration, Academy of the National Economy, Financial Academy, other educational institutions and institutes of training of personnel;
- regional civil service academies;
- other regional educational institutions and business centres.
The development and expansion of the academy’s activities and its regional structures will continue in the near future. It would be useful to redistribute some functions of the academy in Moscow and the local civil service academies. For example, the Moscow academy could prepare and retrain civil servants at the federal level of management, a level of regional management, and staff of the regional academies. A list of higher educational institutions in the Urals region that offer programmes in State and Municipal Management can be found in Annex 1.
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