NISPAcee used to be traditionally focused on fostering education, training and research in public administration and policy in the region. But several years ago NISPAcee turned the attention also to the relevance of the education and research for the practice. Several new activities have been launched in order to establish closure cooperation and communication between the academia and the practice. Consequently an ongoing effort of the organization is to foster a utilization of research outcomes by practitioners.

Thus, all papers started by 22^nd NISPAcee Annual Conference providing the results applicable for policy practitioners should include a part with Points for Practitioners. This part of a paper is to inform about the valuable and potential usability of the aspects and results of the paper for practitioners in public administration and public policy in asumary and clear, easy reading form. It should not exceed 1800 characters (including spaces).